PEG-4, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 4, is a water-soluble polymer that is commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products. It acts as an emulsifier, thickener, and humectant in cosmetic formulations. PEG-4 is also often used as a solvent and emollient, helping to improve the texture and feel of these products. It can be found in products like moisturizers, hair care products, and other skin care formulations. Additionally, this ingredient is known for its ability to help enhance the penetration of other active ingredients into the skin. The chemical formula of PEG-4 is C8H18O5 and it appears as a clear, colorless liquid.
Origin
PEG-4 is made by adding four units of ethylene oxide to a starter molecule, such as water or ethylene glycol, under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure, using a catalyst. The reaction results in the formation of a polymer chain of approximately 200 molecular weight.
Safety profile
PEG-4 is safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products. It has a low toxicity and is unlikely to cause skin irritation or sensitization. However, like all ingredients, it should be used within the recommended concentrations and in accordance with good manufacturing practices to ensure its safety. A patch test is also recommended for people with highly sensitive skin.