Benzalkonium Chloride is a common ingredient in many cosmetic and personal care products due to its effectiveness as a cleansing agent, preservative, and surfactant. It has the chemical formula of C17H30ClN and is typically used in concentrations of 0.1% to 0.13%. As a surfactant, Benzalkonium Chloride helps to reduce surface tension and allows for easier spreading and mixing of cosmetic ingredients. Products with Benzalkonium Chloride can include cleansers, shampoos, conditioners, and other personal care items. However, some people may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience skin irritation or other adverse reactions.
Origin
Benzalkonium Chloride is typically made by reacting benzyl chloride with dimethylamine in the presence of a catalyst. The resulting product is then quaternized with an alkyl halide, such as methyl chloride or ethyl chloride, to form the final compound, which is a type of quaternary ammonium salt.
Safety profile
Benzalkonium Chloride is considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products when used in the recommended concentrations. In rare cases, exposure to high concentrations of Benzalkonium Chloride can cause serious health effects, such as respiratory problems, eye irritation, and other symptoms. It can also be toxic if ingested or if it comes into contact with the eyes. If this occurs, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. As with any cosmetic or personal care product, it is important to use these products safely and as directed.