The history of Fragrances and Flavors can be dated back to antiquity. The earliest commercial items, around 3000 BC, were likely to have been spices, gums, aromatic & fragrant plants and fruits. Olive and sesame oils were used as cosmetic bases in which these exotic ingredients were mixed and traded with neighboring tribes. In ancient Egypt, it was the old custom to bury the dead with valuables such as gold, jewelry, useful utensils, as well as rare and valuable fragrance items and materials, only affordable by the rich and well to do. The Pharaohs were buried with all these necessities in their tombs in preparation for the afterlife. This is so evident by the very slight, but much apparent, odor of frankincense when King Tutankhamen's tomb was first opened in 1922 by Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon, and all the riches of the tomb were exposed. Back in those days, fragrant spices and aromatic herbs were considered riches and a necessity for travel into the afterlife, and were buried along with the deceased in the tomb.